In a certain population, the two most heavily diagnosed diseases are schistosomiasis and malaria. over the past five years, malaria has accounted for more than half of all disease cases, and schistosomiasis, which accounted for 40% of all disease cases in the community five years ago, accounted for 30% in the past year.

According to the above statement, the conclusion is that if the total number of Schistosomiasis cases are increased over the past five years, then the total number of cases of this disease must have increased by more than 30%. Because five years ago the percentage of cases are 40% and the number of cases are 40/100, so the last year the number of cases of disease are 60. Total increase = 60/30 x 100 = 200, it means total cases which are increases 100% which is more than 30%.

the reason the two sea urchins don't compete with each other for food, resources, etc. is because the urchins have adapted to the environment but they have also adapted to each other. this is most likely because the genes of the sea urchins.

hydroxyl -oh

alcohols, always polar, can form hydrogen bonds with h2o molecules

carboxyl -cooh  

cargoxylic acids, has acidic properties which is a source of hydrogen ions, found in cells in ionized for with a charge of oh-1

carbonyl > co

ketone if within skeleton, aldehyde if group is at the end of skeleton, k & a may be structural isomers, it determines 2 sugars (ketose & aldose)

amino -nh2

amines, acts as a base, it can pick up h+ ions from surrounding solution, ionized with charge of 1+

methyl ch2

addition to rna/dna affects and gene expression

phosphate -opo3 ²⁻

organic phosphates, contributes to negative charge to, molecule that it is a part of, and potential to react with h20

sulfhydryl -sh

thiols, cross-linking stabilize the protein, and it is structure