Which spinal region lacks autonomic preganglionic neurons?

How are the reproductive cycles of a fungus and a pteridophyte similar? a)both organisms form fruiting bodies that produce diploid seeds. b)both organisms produce haploid spores and exhibit diploid and haploid stages. c)both organisms reproduce sexually when two haploid hyphae fuse. d)both organisms exhibit a diploid stage and are only able to reproduce asexually.

How would you describe the the organisms in the second row of model 1 that are connected to the parents by a line

Modern sea star larvae resemble some primitive vertebrate larvae. this similarity may suggest that primitive vertebrates