Gregor mendel is best known for his work with pea plants and for uncover many of the mysteries of genetics. one of his major findings stated that there were specific, physical units of inheritance that are transmitted during reproduction. what is the the name given to these units of inheritance which can be found on chromosomes?

The correct answer is -

Genes.

Gregor Mendel worked with pea plants in order to find out the inheritance pattern of certain traits from parents to their next generation.

He proposed that for every characteristic in an organism, there are two basic factors (inherited from each parent).

These factors/units were later called genes (which are considered as unit of heredity) and are located on chromosomes.

Genes can be described as the segment of DNA that codes for a particular trait /characteristic of an organism.

For example - 'T' and 't' gene correspond to tall and dwarf height of pea plant respectively.

Thus, gene is the right answer.

step 1: initiation

initiation is the beginning of transcription. it occurs when the enzyme rna polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. this signals the dna to unwind so the enzyme can ‘‘read’’ the bases in one of the dna strands. the enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mrna with a complementary sequence of bases.

step 2: elongation

elongation is the addition of nucleotides to the mrna strand. rna polymerase reads the unwound dna strand and builds the mrna molecule, using complementary base pairs. there is a brief time during this process when the newly formed rna is bound to the unwound dna. during this process, an adenine (a) in the dna binds to an uracil (u) in the rna.

step 3: termination

termination is the ending of transcription, and occurs when rna polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene. the mrna strand is complete, and it detaches from dna.