Make the assumption that a cell has 10% salt concentration inside its cytoplasm. what would happen to that cell if it were placed in an environment that has a 50% salt concentration? what process is responsible for that reaction?

If a cell that has 10% salt concentration in cytoplasm is placed in an environment that has 50% salt concentration, THE WATER INSIDE THE CELL WILL FLOW OUT OF THE CELL INTO THE ENVIRONMENT. This will cause the cell to shrink up.
Water in the cells usually move to the region where the salt concentration is highest. 
The process that is responsible for this reaction is OSMOSIS.
Osmosis is the process by which water move through a semi permeable membrane from a region of lower concentration to the region of higher concentration.