Match the items.

1. pioneer species in forests

1. left after a disturbance

2. a volcanic eruption, forest fire, or disease

3. mature hardwoods

4. annual plants

5. perennials

6. softwoods like pines

7. pioneer species in lakes

8. pioneer species in sand

9. short-lived with wide seed dispersal

a.
annuals

b.
appear after the pioneer species

c.
can reproduce more than once in lifespan

d.
grasses

e.
appear before the climax community

f.
bacteria and lichens

g.
algae

h.
bare rock

i.
climax community

j.
disturbance