What factors are known to cause dna mutations?

You arrive late to a biological seminar. however, just as you enter the room, you hear the speaker referring to the "five-prime end" and the "three-prime end" of a macromolecule. immediately, you know that they are talking about a: ]

What are antigens and antibodies? how are they involved in the body’s response to incompatible blood?

What is the role of dna ligase in the elongation of the lagging strand during dna replication?