an introduced species is "invasive" if it

outcompetes native species in its new habitat.

survives in its new habitat and forms mutually beneficial relationships with native species.

cannot successfully maintain a population in the new habitat.

does not cause significant harm to native species.

Molecules like glucose and amino acids are not lipid soluble, so cannot cross the cell membrane by simple diffusion. instead, they are shuttled across by carrier proteins in the membrane from high to low concentration. does this process require energy from the cell? this is an example of what type of molecular movement?