2. how do the effects of insulin resistance compound to decrease cellular responses to insulin?

Answer and explanation;

-The insulin receptor itself has decreased kinase activity leading to fewer binding sites for singling effectors to become activated.

Therefore; the signaling effectors are less likely to be activated.

-Additionally,, feedback inhibition decreases signaling effector binding to receptor.

-The lack of activation of these initial signaling effectors prevents any subsequent steps from happening.

-We can thus conclude this by saying that higher insulin concentrations are necessary to obtain the same level of signaling leading to physiological effects that would exist in someone without type-2 diabetes.

-Also the requirement for higher insulin concentration means that the cells that respond to insulin are resistant to its effect.

1. a host loses nutrients to a parasite

2. a parasite only benefits when the host is alive (cause if the host dies the parasite dies with it )

3. producers to consumers

4. the tapeworm is a parasite

5. they convert energy from the sun (photosynthesis)

6. sunflower-robin (i think im 80% sure)

7. producer

8. consumer

9. prey

10. fresh water snails ( cause the green algea is the producer and the snails are the primary consumers and the small fish consumer so is the big fish)