Polymerization reactions in which polysaccharides are synthesized from monosaccharides or proteins are synthesized from amino acids:
a. result in the formation of water.
b. are hydrolysis reactions.
c. release energy.
d. result in the formation of covalent bonds between monomers called peptide bonds.
e. all of the above.

i hope the answer is A

Explanation:

because, the synthesis of polysaccharides from monosaccharides or synthesis of proteins from amino acids is like that of condensation reaction,  which is water is produced as a byproduct!

d concave shape of wave rock

explanation:

the concave shape of wave rock is a very good evidence that supports the evolution of earth due to chemical weathering. if we talk about structure of   wave rock, studies have estimated that it is around 2.7 billion years old. it also serves as the foundation of evidence that it was the place where australian continent began to form.

how the structure of wave rock was created?

studies suggest that structure of wave rock was created when the surrounded area was started to weather due to which deposition of material started on the part of land which now contains wave rock.

the structure of wave rock is considered to be one of the best-known landforms in australia. at the height of around 15 cm, there can be found flared slopes which formulate the margins of hyden rock. it is now assumed by geologists that wave rock was created by subsurface water-induced weathering and not by glaciers, waves or wind.

due to deposition of material over the period of long time, the wave rock became tougher and tougher due to weathering from surrounding terrain. this makes it a physical evidence that supports   the evolution of earth due to chemical weathering.

hope it !

a and c are the answeres