In 1970, the nobel peace prize was won by for his efforts in developing food crops that would be productive in areas that were difficult to farm.

that would be called plucking : )

explanation:

''plucking, also referred to as quarrying, is a glacial phenomenon that is responsible for the erosion and transportation of individual pieces of bedrock, especially large "joint blocks". as a glacier moves down a valley, friction causes the basal ice of the glacier to melt and infiltrate joints (cracks) in the bedrock."

on island x the species needed to adapt because they were being subject to predators which didn't inhabit island y.  

d.embryo is the correct one