An organism's ability to maintain a stable internal environment "in the midst of" external environmental change is known as
a, commensalism.
b, reproduction.
c, metabolism.
d, homeostasis.

Homeostasis

Explanation: Homeostasis is the tendency of an organism to maintain stable internal conditions amid environmental change.

Cells in the body need certain conditions in order to function properly. Homeostatsis maintains those conditions even when the external environment is changing. For example, cells need to have enough oxygen to produce the right amount of energy. When people exercise, their cells need more energy. The body is able to increase respiration and circulation so that the cells can still get the oxygen that they need. Increased circulation simultaneously helps the body dissipate the extra heat that is created.

Reproduction is the process through which a species produces offspring.

Commensalism is the relationship between two organisms in which one benefits and the other neither benefits nor is harmed.

Metabolism refers to the physical and chemical changes in an organism which release or use energy.

c. earths continental crust is thicker than its lithosphere.

because, the lithosphere is the outermost layer of the earth/ 100 km thick and is defined by its machanical properties.the lithosphere contains oceanic and continental crust that varies in age and thickness across locations and geologic time. the lithosphere is the coolest layer of the earth in terms of temperature. the term lithosphere should not be confused with the use of "geosphere" which is used to indicate all of earth systems, including the atmosphere, hydrosphere   and biosphere. the surface of the earth can be divided into the continental crust and the oceanic crust.   the continental crust is made mostly of granite while the oceanic crust is made of basalt. the average thickness of the continental crust is 25 miles and the average thickness of the oceanic crust is 5 miles.   three types of rock, igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic, make up the surface of the earth. that's why 3 option is preferable.