52. which results in the graph in figure 7-12 are more likely to be accurate, those represented by line a or line b? why?
53. what could account for the differences in lines a and b in the graph
54.

The accurate line represented by line b because during such experiment ( osmosis or mass transfer) there would be a time where the system be in equilibrium meaning that that the net movement will be zero. In line B at time starting 15 min equilibrium is reached no further movement is attained beyond it.

the solute can move "downhill," from regions of higher to lower concentration, relying on the specificity of the protein carrier to pass through the membrane. this process is called passive transport or facilitated diffusion, and does not require energy.