Scientists developed genetically obese rats in the laboratory. These rats had a low level of the protein called adipsin. Researchers have proposed that adipsin directly affects hunger.
High levels of adipsin decrease hunger, while low levels of adipsin increase
hunger,
How might this research affect humans?
O by improving cloning techniques
by decreasing appetites through medication
O by slowing the aging process through medication
by improving digestion and increasing metabolism

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both male and female gametes are produced by meiosis of the germ cells. therefore, both male and female gametes are haploid. one male and one female gamete unite during the fertilization to form the diploid zygote. in seed bearing plants, pollen grain is the male gametophyte, which produces sperm cells.

the solute can move "downhill," from regions of higher to lower concentration, relying on the specificity of the protein carrier to pass through the membrane. this process is called passive transport or facilitated diffusion, and does not require energy.