Quando as membranas plasmáticas são congeladas a temperaturas muito baixas, tendem a fraturar pelo meio da bicamada lipídica quando sujeitas a stresse mecânico. Explique este facto, tendo em conta a estrutura e constituição das membranas.

Transposon can cause mutations in genes at or near the site of transposon insertion. it is possible for these elements to transpose away from their original site, causing a reversion of the mutant phenotype. in some cases, however, even more severe phenotypes appear when these elements excise from this site, due to events at or near the mutant allele. what might be happening to the transposon or the nearby gene to create more severe mutations?