In the glycolytic pathway, the enzyme triose phosphate isomerase catalyzes the production of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (GAP) from dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP). GAP continues through glycolysis via the reaction catalyzed by glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. In a muscle (myocyte) cell culture model, anaerobic conditions lead to cell death when triose phosphate isomerase is inhibited. In this same model, cells with inhibited triose phosphate isomerase survive under aerobic conditions. Briefly explain these findings including a discussion of energy production in anaerobic versus aerobic metabolism.

In an anaerobic environment, organisms convert glucose into ethanol or lactate. In this condition, glycolysis generates 2 molecules of ATP and one molecule of NADH with the pyruvate. NADH molecule supports glycolysis by oxidized to NAD+ during the fermentation process.

Here one 6-C molecule breaks into two molecules G3P and DHAP, TPI or triose phosphate isomerase interconvert these two isomers and each triose is responsible for the production of two ATP molecules but if TPI is inhibited then there will be one ATP production which is not enough for supporting cellular process under the absence of oxygen and cell do not survive.

But in aerobic conditions pyruvate converted to acetyl CoA which produces 3 NADH, 1 FADH2, and 1 ATP that will get enough ATP by the oxidative phosphorylation hence will survive even if TPI is inhibited.

from my research i have to the conclusion that decomposers, such as fungi, bacteria and invertebrates, play a critical role in nutrient cycling and without them the earth's ecosystem may not support life as we know it. elements such as carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus exist in limited amounts on earth, although huge amounts of carbon are being released into the atmosphere from underground sources now by humans. it is still extremely important that other nutrients be retained by the process of re-use. decomposers are organisms that are able to chemically break down dead material and make these elements available for use by other organisms. without this breakdown of dead material, dead bodies would pile up. so decomposers also play a role in clean up also. without them, life might not continue as we know it and dead material would overwhelm the earth.    

answer: ice crystals in air

the water from the water body or another source of water gets evaporated as water vapor as an effect of heat on water. these water vapor rises in the upper layers of the earth atmosphere under high atmospheric pressure. the atmospheric pressure of these water molecules starts to decrease due to the effect of cold air. the invisible water vapor condenses into visible water droplets and ice crystals.these ice crystals and water droplets being less denser than the surrounding air floats on air as clouds.