You've been training your dog and, after a while, you notice that just the sound of opening a plastic package of dog treats gets your dog very excited. He has learned that the treats come in these plastic packages. Which of the following is the unconditioned stimulus
in this example?
A. plastic package
B. the dog
C. dog treats
D. Excitement

enzyme active site and substrate specificity

enzymes bind with chemical reactants called substrates. there may be one or more substrates for each type of enzyme, depending on the particular chemical reaction. in some reactions, a single-reactant substrate is broken down into multiple products

b. climate change will cause an increase in biodiversity of all ecosystems.

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the limb fractures are among the most common fractures. open fractures are comparatively more dangerous. the injury patterns are dependent on many factors, such as the age of the person, and mechanism of the injury. the closed fractures of the limbs if left untreated may lead to a significant amount of the blood loss, which may be life-threatening for the person. approximately 1000-1500 ml of blood is lost in the close fracture of the femur, and 500-1000 ml of blood is lost in the closed fracture of lower part of the limbs.