1. A brown rooster is mated with a brown chicken and they have five offspring. Two are brown and three are white, which is a recessive trait. What is the most likely explanation for this?

a) All of the white chickens carry a mutation.
b) Feather color is not hereditary.
c) Both parents carried the trait for white feathers.
d) Those chicks had less time to develop in the egg.

2. Wild tomatoes are small and green. What is one way new traits that affect size and color can occur?

a) Cloning
b) Mutation
c) Irrigation practices
d) Asexual reproduction

3. Complete the Punnett square below and choose the probability of the offspring.

Parent 1: Mm
Parent 2: Mm

M m
M
m

a) 50 percent MM and 50 percent mm
b) 25 percent MM, 50 percent Mm, and 25 percent mm
c) 100 percent Mm
d) 50 percent MM, 25 percent Mm, and 25 percent mm