Lamarck's ideas about evolution include the concept that differences among the traits of organisms arise as a result of
O continual increases in population size.
the actions of organisms as they use or fail to use body structures.
an unchanging local environment.
the natural variations already present within the population of organisms.

African penguins, which inhabit the coasts of southern africa, were classified as an endangered species in 2010. two significant threats to their survival are ecosystem damage from oil spills and overfishing by humans. overfishing depletes the food supply of african penguins. the best method to reduce the threat of overfishing would be to . the risk of oil spills could be reduced by increasing the use of , which should oil consumption. if an oil spill does occur, could be used to remove the oil so the ecosystem may more quickly recover.