37. Positive feedback differs from negative feedback in that A) positive feedback benefits the organism, whereas negative feedback is detrimental. B) the effector's response in positive feedback is in the same direction as the initiating stimulus rather than opposite to it. C) the effector's response increases some parameter (such as temperature), whereas in negative feedback it decreases. D) positive feedback systems have only effectors, whereas negative feedback systems have only receptors. E) positive feedback systems have control centers that are lacking in negative feedback systems.

B) the effector's response in positive feedback is in the same direction as the initiating stimulus rather than opposite to it

Explanation:

Two major mechanisms are used by target cells to relay information about the quantity and effect of an hormone produced by an endocrine gland back to its source. These mechanisms are: positive and negative mechanism.

- Positive mechanism occurs in such a way that the effector's response favors that of the original stimulus while in Negative feedback, the effector's response counters or opposes the original or initiating stimulus.

For example, if the pancreas (endocrine gland) releases insulin hormone to the cells, the cells send a positive feedback to make the pancreas proceed with the production of insulin while a negative feedback will make pancreas reduce or stop the production of insulin.

prophase: we can observe the chromosomes to coil up and condense. they become visible. nuclear membrane and envelope disintigrate.s

metaphase: chromosomes align at the center, the metaphase plate. spindle fibers attach to centromeres of the sister chromatids. they meet at kinetochores.

anaphase: sister chromatids are pulled towards each opposing centromere, set on different poles.

telophase: chromosomes are now clustered up only on either sides of the cell. nuclear membranes reform, and a new cell wall forms along the cell plate. this will lead to cytokinesis, the process that divides the cell membrane and forms the cell wall.