electrical stimulation of a human's medial forebrain bundle typically can be expected to produce a subsewuence experience of: 1) avoidance emotion (fear) and avoidance behavior (withdrawal) 2) avoidance emotion (fear) but not avoidance behavior (withdrawal) 3) avoidance behavior (withdrawal) but no avoidance emotion (fear) 4) generally positive feelings 5) intense pleasure

phylogenetic tree is the tree of life or evolution tree. it shows the different branches of evolution. the sequence goes like tissues - coelom - backbone - endoskeleton - segmentation

measuring light intensity

light meters can be used to measure light intensity. the meter is held at the soil surface and pointed in the direction of the maximum light intensity, and then the meter is read.

errors can be made when measuring light intensity by accidentally shading the light meter. the reliability of the results can be checked by taking many samples.