using what have you learnt about the effect of concentration gradient and surface area to volume ratio, explain the adaptations of a leaf for photosynthesis ​

Leaves have an increased surface area in order to increase light-harvesting and they are thin in order to increase the diffusion rate

Explanation:

Leaves have several adaptations to increase the photosynthesis rate. In the first place, leaves have a large surface area to increase light-harvesting and thus also increase photosynthetic energy conversion. Moreover, leaves are sufficiently thin to increase the gas exchange surface area, i.e., the entry of carbon dioxide (CO2) and the exit of oxygen from photosynthesis, which move by diffusion through stomata.

before, trains worked using the steam engine. thus, it uses heat so it is crucial to apply heat balance. the steam engine absorbs energy during the stage of boiling water. so, this is the endothermic reaction. when the steam is used to work the piston, it has to release this energy through running the train. the excess energy is released as an exhaust to the chimney. this is the exothermic process because it releases energy to the surroundings.

plants absorb water from the soil by osmosis. root hair cells are adapted for this by having a large surface area to speed up osmosis. the absorbed water is transported through the roots to the rest of the plant where it is used for different purposes: it transports dissolved minerals around the plant.