What are the sex chromosomes? Explain how it is shown in male and female; and karyotyping

Females have two X chromosomes, while males have one X and one Y chromosome. A picture of all 46 chromosomes in their pairs is called a karyotype. A normal female karyotype is written 46, XX, and a normal male karyotype is written 46, XY.

Explanation:

Sex chromosomes are chromosomes which are responsible for sex determination. These are the X and Y chromosomes. Females have two X chromosomes and males have one X and one Y chromosome in their sex cells/gametes. Karyotyping is the visualization of chromosomes after blocking the cells in mitosis and staining; this allows us to identify the size, shape, and number of chromosomes present in cells, which is significant because extra, missing, or abnormal chromosomes can cause developmental problems or issues with body functions.

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