2. A variety of evidence indicates that sodium channels in the axon are closed at resting potential (for the purpose of this question, assume that they all are).
Yet when we test this hypothesis by increasing the sodium concentration
outside of the cell, we consistently evoke an action potential. Explain why this
occurs.

Larry goes to the doctor complaining that he can't see the right side of the visual field with either eye. where in the visual signal-processing pathway is larry's problem occurring?

Approximately 90% of all cases of polycystic kidney disease are inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion. the disease is typically related to mutations to genes (pkd1 and pkd2). pkd genes can be found on chromosome 16. the disease occurs in approximately 1: 800 to 1: 1000 people. here is a hypothetical example. the dominant allele d will cause the development of pkd. the recessive allele is known as d. what genotypes would correspond to suffering from pkd? dd, dd what genotypes would correspond to being normal (not suffering from pkd)? dd consider that 1: 1,000 people have pkd in your population of 325million. consider that pkd is inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion. show you math for all of the following questions: what is the genotypic frequency for dd? what is the genotypic frequency for dd? what is the genotypic frequency for dd? what is p? what is q? how many people in your population would have pkd?

Asap. this question is 100 points if you answer it question: describe the basic relationship between ocean depth and temperature seen in the graph