Rifamycin and actinomycin D are two antibiotics derived from the bacterium Streptomyces . Rifamycin binds to the b subunit of E. coli RNA polymerase and interferes with the formation of the first phosphodiester bond in the RNA chain. Actinomycin D bind to double stranded DNA by intercalation (slipping in between neighboring base pairs). a. Which of the four stages in transcription would you expect rifamycin to affect primarily?
b. Which of the four stages in transcription would you expect actinomycin D to primarily affect?
c. Which of the two inhibitors is more likely to affect RNA synthesis in cultured human liver cells?
d. Which 01 the two inhibitors would be more useful for an experiment that requires the initiation of new RNA chains to be blocked without interfering with the elongation of chains that are already being synthesized?
e. When fertilized sea urchin eggs are treated with actinomycin D, they develop for many hours but eventually arrest as hollow balls of several hundred cells (called blastulae). Propose an explanation for why such embryos arrest, but also why they progress as far as they do.

Defend or refute the argument that the government has too large a presence in the agriculture industry.

How does this experiment explain why it is often milder in areas such as coastal maryland while areas such as kansas or iowa have more extremes in temperature

The accompanying figure shows the percent of selected dna sequences that match between a chimpanzee and other primates. these data support the hypothesis that the figure shows the percentage of selected d n a sequences that match between the chimpanzee and other primates. the human has an almost 98 percent match, the gorilla has an almost 97 percent match, the orangutan has a 96 percent match, the gibbon has an almost 95 percent match, and the old world monkey has an almost 92 percent match. the accompanying figure shows the percent of selected dna sequences that match between a chimpanzee and other primates. these data support the hypothesis that the figure shows the percentage of selected d n a sequences that match between the chimpanzee and other primates. the human has an almost 98 percent match, the gorilla has an almost 97 percent match, the orangutan has a 96 percent match, the gibbon has an almost 95 percent match, and the old world monkey has an almost 92 percent match. chimpanzees and gibbons are the most closely related the chimpanzee's closest surviving relative is humans orangutans are the primates least closely related to chimpanzees old world monkeys and gibbons are the most closely related