4. If a mutation blocked the function of the signal recognition particle, making it unable to bind signal sequence, what would result

All proteins would be translated in the cytoplasm

Explanation:

The signal recognition particle (SRP) is a cytoplasmic RNA-protein (ribonucleoprotein) complex whose primary role is to target signal peptide‐bearing proteins to the plasma membrane in prokaryotes and to the endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotes. In eukaryotic organisms, SRP binds to the signal sequence of the protein when the growing polypeptide chain emerges from the ribosome in the cytoplasm. This binding is key because it results in a slowing of translation, a mechanism known as elongation arrest. Therefore, without a functional SRP, elongation arrest would not occur and proteins would be translated on free ribosomes in the cytoplasm.

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