What determines
whether a volcano
will be violent or
gentle?

The two main factors that influence how a volcano will erupt are viscosity and gas content. Both are related to the composition of the magma . Hawaiian volcanoes tend to erupt basalt , which is low in viscosity and low in gas content (about 0.5 weight percent.

What determines if a volcanic eruption is violent?

The amount of dissolved gas in the magma provides the driving force for explosive eruptions. The viscosity of the magma, however, is also an important factor in determining whether an eruption will be explosive or nonexplosive.

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