Which of the biochemical processes do yeast perform in order to obtain energy that their cells can use to do work?

Fermentation

Explanation:

Fermentation is a catabolic, anaerobic process, which is not usually accompanied by electronic transport and whose final product is an organic compound. Yeasts are unicellular bodies (generally spherical in shape) with a size of around 2 to 4 μm and that are naturally present in some products such as fruits, cereals and vegetables. They are what are called: facultative anaerobic organisms, that is, they can develop their biological functions without oxygen. Yeasts carry out alcoholic fermentation. Its biological purpose is to provide anaerobic energy to unicellular microorganisms (yeasts) in the absence of oxygen, to dissociate glucose molecules and obtain the energy necessary to survive, producing alcohol and CO2 as fermentation waste.

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step 1: initiation

initiation is the beginning of transcription. it occurs when the enzyme rna polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. this signals the dna to unwind so the enzyme can ‘‘read’’ the bases in one of the dna strands. the enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mrna with a complementary sequence of bases.

step 2: elongation

elongation is the addition of nucleotides to the mrna strand. rna polymerase reads the unwound dna strand and builds the mrna molecule, using complementary base pairs. there is a brief time during this process when the newly formed rna is bound to the unwound dna. during this process, an adenine (a) in the dna binds to an uracil (u) in the rna.

step 3: termination

termination is the ending of transcription, and occurs when rna polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene. the mrna strand is complete, and it detaches from dna.