All of the following are part of the mechanism of action of alpha and beta interferons EXCEPT they bind to the surface of uninfected cells. they are effective for long periods. they initiate manufacture of antiviral proteins. they disrupt stages of viral multiplication. they initiate transcription.

They are effective for long periods of time

Explanation:

Alpha and Beta interferons are part or form of Interferons. The Alpha interferons is derived from leukocytes infected with virus, while the Beta is derived from fibroblasts infected with virus.

Both of them have various mechanism of action including:

1. they bind to the surface of uninfected cells.

2. they initiate manufacture of antiviral proteins.

3. they disrupt stages of viral multiplication.

4. they initiate transcription.

Hence, in this case, the correct answer is "they are effective for long periods" because they are not.

answer: the correct option is d. enzyme

lactase and carbonic anhydrase are the examples of enzymes.

lactase is an enzyme, which is present in the small intestine of mammals. it in the digestion of the disaccharide, lactose ( milk sugar) by converting it into two monosachharide, which are glucose and galactose.

carbonic anhydrase is present in the red blood cells. this enzyme plays significant role in the transport of co₂. it in the conversion of co₂ and h₂o into carbonic acid, which is then dissociated into bicarbonate ions and hydrogen ions.