Vacuoles carrying large particles of waste move toward the cell membrane. The vacuoles fuse with the membrane in order to push the waste particles out of the cell.

Acertain species of fish can have either long or short fins. the allele for long fins is dominant over the allele for short fins. a heterozygous, long-finned fish is crossed with a homozygous, short-finned fish. of the offspring, will have long fins and be , and will have short fins and be .