The three components of RNA are a phosphate group, ribose sugar, and a nitrogenous base How are the base pairs different?

What is the difference between self-pollination and cross-pollination? question 2 options: self-pollination leads to the creation of a fruit. cross-pollination does not. during cross-pollination, ovules are carried from one plant to another plant.. during self-pollination the ovules stay on the same plant. during cross-pollination, ovules are carried from one plant to another plant.. during self-pollination the ovules stay on the same plant. during cross-pollination the pollen grains are carried from one plant to another plant. during self-pollination the pollen and ovules are from the same plant. during cross-pollination, the pollen grains travel from the stigma to the anthers. during self-pollination, the pollen grains travel from the anthers to the stigma.

To answer this question, researchers studied populations of the dusky salamander (desmognathus ochrophaeus) living on different mountain ranges in the southern appalachian mountains. the researchers tested the reproductive isolation of pairs of salamander populations by leaving one male and one female together and later checking the females for the presence of sperm. four mating combinations were tested for each pair of populations (a and b)—two within the same population (female a with male a and female b with male b) and two between populations (female a with male b and female b with male a). the proportion of successful matings for each mating combination was measured. for example, when all the matings of a particular combination were successful, the researchers gave it a value of 1; when none of the matings were successful, they gave it a value of 0. then the researchers calculated an index of reproductive isolation that ranged from 0 (no isolation) to 2 (full isolation). the reproductive isolation value for two populations is the sum of the proportion of successful matings of each type within populations (aa + bb) minus the sum of the proportion of successful matings of each type between populations (ab + ba). the table provides data for the geographic distances and reproductive isolation values for 27 pairs of dusky salamander populations.

In 2001, records showed that local stocks of fish were down worldwide. yet, records of harvests indicated that fish were being taken at records rates. what was actually happening?