1) What two problems does the transfer of information from DNA to protein need to overcome? Clues:
a. DNA is made of nucleotides.
b. Protein is made of amino acids.
c. DNA is located exclusively in the nucleus.
d. Protein is synthesized exclusively in the cytoplasm.

The two problems that the transfer of information from DNA to protein must overcome are:

Explanation:

The genetic information is found in the DNA and depends on a specific sequence of nitrogenous bases. This information is transcribed into the messenger RNA, whose base sequence is organized into triplets and codons, each of which encodes an amino acid, as well as establishing the pattern for starting and stopping the synthesis of a protein.

The DNA must be transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA), a process that occurs in the nucleus of the cell. mRNA leaves the nucleus and travels to the cytoplasm, where amino acid synthesis will take place.

Once in the cytoplasm mRNA binds to ribosomes, structures in charge of translating the sequence of nitrogenous bases RNA to synthesize amino acids. The set of ribosomes and rough endoplasmic reticulum are in charge of the assembly of amino acids to produce peptides and proteins.

dna is made up of six smaller molecules -- a five carbon sugar called deoxyribose, a phosphate molecule and four different nitrogenous bases (adenine, thymine, cytosine and guanine).