Cells pass through a G checkpoint before entering mitosis. Ideally, if DNA damage is detected, the cells do not enter mitosis until the damage is repaired. Why is DNA damage
repaired before cells enter mitosis?
F So that another round of DNA synthesis does not have to take place
G So that the chromosomes can align at the metaphase plate during mitosis
H So that the cytoplasm can be divided equally between the two daughter cells
J
So that healthy daughter cells are produced, allowing the organism to continue growing

So that healthy daughter cells are produced, allowing the organism to continue growing

Explanation:

Damaged DNA is very bad for the cell. It can cause cell death or cancer, which the cell wants to avoid.

Therefore, before dividing and passing the DNA on to daughter cells, there are checkpoints to ensure that DNA replication takes place properly and that there is no damage to the DNA such as mutations or chromosome breaks.

This ensures the genetic material is intact and the cells can function normally, allowing the organism to grow.

step 1: initiation

initiation is the beginning of transcription. it occurs when the enzyme rna polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. this signals the dna to unwind so the enzyme can ‘‘read’’ the bases in one of the dna strands. the enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mrna with a complementary sequence of bases.

step 2: elongation

elongation is the addition of nucleotides to the mrna strand. rna polymerase reads the unwound dna strand and builds the mrna molecule, using complementary base pairs. there is a brief time during this process when the newly formed rna is bound to the unwound dna. during this process, an adenine (a) in the dna binds to an uracil (u) in the rna.

step 3: termination

termination is the ending of transcription, and occurs when rna polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene. the mrna strand is complete, and it detaches from dna.

desert perennials often survive by remaining dormant during dry periods of the year, then springing to life when water becomes available. most annual desert plants germinate only after heavy seasonal rain, then complete their reproductive cycle very quickly.