Choose one biodiversity hotspot (for example, the Cape Floristic Region). Briefly describe the geography of the region. How many plant species are found there? Of those, how many are endemic? Describe some of the conservation measures for protecting the ecosystem in the region

The California Floristic Province (CFP) is located on the Pacific Coast of North America. It has a winter rainfall and summer drought climate similar to other regions such as the Mediterranean basin. It is renowned as the home of the giant Sierra Sequoia tree, as well as the Coastal redwood. The CFP covers over 113 thousand square miles, including 70% of California, southwestern Oregon, western Nevada, and northern Baja California. The CFP is home to over 3,500 plant species, of which 61% are endemic. A total of 37% of the CFP region is now under official conservatory protection as a result of the activities of organizations such as the Sierra Club, Nature Conservancy, Wilderness Society, and the California Native Plant Society.

Explanation: Plato.

step 1: nitrogen fixation- conversion of atmospheric no₂ into forms useful to plants by lightning, bacteria, and cyanobacteria.

step 2: nitrification-process of converting ammonia to nitrite or nitrate.

step 3: assimilation-plant roots absorb new form of nitrogen.

step 4: ammonification-conversion of organic nitrogen to ammonia by bacteria involved in decomposition.

step 5: denitrification-bacteria turns the decomposed matter back into n₂o, which is released into atmosphere; repeat cycle.

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