Lactase breaks down a sugar found in dairy products known as lactose. Some people are lactose intolerant, and this can be due to not having enough lactase production. People who are lactose intolerant may not feel well after eating foods containing lactose.

enzyme: Lactase

substrate: Lactose

Explanation:

Identify the enzyme: Enzymes are the proteins that accelerate the rate of reaction. Enzymes are identified with the suffix - ase along with the name of the substrate. So, in the given example: the enzyme is Lactase.

Identify substrate: The substrate is defined as the molecule on which an enzyme acts. The enzyme binds with the substrate through its active site and accelerates the reaction. So, in the given example, Lactose is a substrate on which the enzyme lactase acts.

Relationship between the substrate and enzyme: When an enzyme binds its substrate, it forms an enzyme-substrate complex. The enzyme consists of an active site at which substrate binds to the enzyme and substrate causes a conformational change to enzyme resulting in enzyme-substrate complex.