What is the waterproof container for taking samples of ocean water, several usually being lowered open on a line and each being closed at the desired depth by the action
of a falling weight called?

Using an attached stopper and attached calibrated line and (2 pound) weight. Simply lower the bottle to the sample depth. When the trip line is pulled the sample collection bottle will begin to fill, overflowing and flushing more than 5 times.

as resources become scarce because of population growth, the growth decreases after few years due to lack of resources and food.