Carbon is different from many other elements in that * a. it has four electrons in its outermost energy level.
b. it readily bonds with other carbon atoms.
c. it can form single, double, or triple bonds with other atoms.
d. All of the above

The answer is D. all of the above

Explanation: The answer is D. because carbon has four valence electrons, so it can achieve a full outer energy level by forming four covalent bonds. A carbon atom can bond with another carbon atom two or three times to make double and triple covalent bonds between two carbon atoms.

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[content deleted] - user123802726recklesschicken

answer: - few nutrients

high pressure

low temperatures

explanation: 1. few nutrients:   open-ocean zone is located way far from the land, which is the main source of the essential nutrients.2. high pressure: pressure increases by 1 atmosphere for every 10 meters increase in depth.3. ample sunlight: a large fraction of the sunlight is reflected back to the atmosphere from the sea surface. 4. varying salinity: below the thermocline, the water is isolated from the atmosphere so the salinity remains stable over the year.5. low temperatures:   the temperature of open-ocean zone ranges from a low of -2°c to an average of 17°c