Endocytosis and exocytosis Require energy
Give the cell energy
Require sunlight
Require a concentration gradient

Jason adds the antibiotic penicillin to a bacterial culture. the bacteria develop genetic modifications in their genome, which gives them resistance to the antibiotic penicillin. what caused this genetic modification?

On a backpacking trip, kenny hikes all day at a steady pace, covering 30 kilometers and burning 4000 calories. at the school track, janelle runs the 100-meter sprint in 13.5 seconds, burning 10 calories. afterward, janelle’s leg muscles are aching and she is breathing hard, while kenny maintains normal breathing all day, even though he burns 400 times more calories than janelle. which two statements offer the best explanation for this phenomenon? a. if the aerobic pathway—cellular respiration—cannot meet the energy demand, then the anaerobic pathway—lactic acid fermentation—starts up, resulting in lactic acid buildup and "oxygen debt." b. aerobic cellular respiration produces more energy, but its use is limited because of lactic acid buildup in the muscles and the resulting "oxygen debt." c. after about 90 seconds of intense exercise, the muscles become depleted of oxygen, and anaerobic respiration can no longer function to produce atp, resulting in "oxygen debt." d. the rate of energy demand determines how the muscles will obtain energy, either from cellular respiration or from lactic acid fermentation if not enough oxygen is present.

Which of the following is the smallest unit that would contain a complete copy of the entire human genome? a) one human somatic cell b) one human chromosome c) all of the dna of one human d) one human gene