What scientific discovery spurred the rapid advancements in the fields of genetics?

How would you describe the the organisms in the second row of model 1 that are connected to the parents by a line

For the strategies below, decide whether they are best described as demand-side solutions or supply-side solutions to meeting human needs for fresh water. remember that a demand-side solution reduces demand for fresh water, whereas a supply-side solution increases the supply of fresh water. (a) damming a river to create a reservoir (b) desalinating seawater (c) a nation invading a neighboring country to access their rivers (d) raising water prices for consumers and businesses (e) providing tax breaks for companies that use less water (f) replacing inefficient irrigation with more-efficient drip irrigation to grow crops (g) requiring low-flow showerheads in all new homes

How far down have geologists drilled holes ? (science) a: 3.8 km b: 12 km c: 100 m d: 1200 km