Which of the following properties of a neuron's action potential determines the maximum firing rate (e. g. determines the number of action potentials that can be fired per second)? a. The duration that it takes for the neuron to integrate all the EPSP and IPSPs and "decide" if threshold has been met. b. The duration it takes for all voltage-gated K+ channels to close during the afterpotential and the Na+/K+ pump to redistribute these ions so as to restore the resting potential. c. The duration that it takes for neurotransmitter to diffuse across a synapse. d. The duration that it takes for all voltage-gated Na+ channels to return to a closed, but active (not inactivated) state after the initial rapid depolarization "spike".

What does gradualism and punctuated equilibrium have in common

The dna in a cell’s nucleus encodes proteins that are eventually targeted to every membrane and compartment in the cell, as well as proteins that are targeted for secretion from the cell. for example, consider these two proteins: phosphofructokinase (pfk) is an enzyme that functions in the cytoplasm during glycolysis. insulin, a protein that regulates blood sugar levels, is secreted from specialized pancreatic cells. assume that you can track the cellular locations of these two proteins from the time that translation is complete until the proteins reach their final destinations.for each protein, identify its targeting pathway: the sequence of cellular locations in which the protein is found from when translation is complete until it reaches its final (functional) destination. (note that if an organelle is listed in a pathway, the location implied is inside the organelle, not in the membrane that surrounds the organelle.)

What would happen if the krill were removed from the food web