4. the subscript in a chemical formula refers to the radical state isotope number atomic mass number of atoms

The correct answer is for the blank is- number of atoms.

Chemical formula is a respresentation of proportion of different elements that are present in a compound.

When a compound possesses more than one atom of an element, its chemical symbols has the respective number in its subscript.

In other words, subscript in a chemical formula refers to the number of atoms of that element.

For Example- chemical formula of glucose is C6H12O6, which represents 6 number of carbon atoms, 12 number of hydrogen atoms, and 6 number of oxygen atoms in the glucose.

positive particles in the nucleus are attracted to shared electrons, so the atoms stay close together.

hydroxyl -oh

alcohols, always polar, can form hydrogen bonds with h2o molecules

carboxyl -cooh  

cargoxylic acids, has acidic properties which is a source of hydrogen ions, found in cells in ionized for with a charge of oh-1

carbonyl > co

ketone if within skeleton, aldehyde if group is at the end of skeleton, k & a may be structural isomers, it determines 2 sugars (ketose & aldose)

amino -nh2

amines, acts as a base, it can pick up h+ ions from surrounding solution, ionized with charge of 1+

methyl ch2

addition to rna/dna affects and gene expression

phosphate -opo3 ²⁻

organic phosphates, contributes to negative charge to, molecule that it is a part of, and potential to react with h20

sulfhydryl -sh

thiols, cross-linking stabilize the protein, and it is structure