A new sunscreen has been developed that is supposed to be more effective at preventing sunburn. 30 participants spray one arm with the new formula and spray the other arm with the leading formula. After 4 hours in the sun, their skin is evaluated for any redness. What is the Independent Variable?a. the 30 arms with the old formulab. the 30 arms with the new formulac. Amount of rednessd. Type of sunscreene. the 15 arms with the new formula

(me out over the last several centuries, scientists have made the following broad observations while investigating several branches of the life sciences: -the fossil record shows that different types of organisms have existed at different times in earth's history. -many organisms have similar body structures that seem to be adapted to different ways of living in their environment. -organisms of different species often share similarities in stages of embryonic development. -many species share genetic similarities, and almost all organisms use the same basic building blocks to construct proteins. -often, the extent of two species' similarities can be predicted from their geographic closeness to each other. -a great deal of change has been observed among species that have experienced strong selective pressures through many generations. scientists have carefully considered and rigorously tested the observations listed above. when scientists offer a of these observations, they are making 1.) testable explanation, deductive explanation 2.) scientific interference, scientific law