How are pupae, larvae, and nymphs different?

Larvae are immature forms of an insect and look totally different from the adult. When eggs hatch, what come out of them are larvae.

Pupae and nymph are the intermediate stage between the immature and mature forms. Pupae are usually non-mobile but still look different from the mature form while a nymph still can move and already look similar to the mature form. Once a larvae becomes pupa, it will begin a complete metamorphosis into the mature form while a nymph will undergo several stages (instars) the mature form being the final stage.

the transfer of energy between two molecules spaced just nanometers apart plays a key role in many technologies, including photovoltaics, quantum information systems, lighting, and sensors, as well as in biophysics to measure nanometer distances and in photosynthesis. but an open question in this area is what effect, if any, the surrounding photonic environment has on this nanoscale energy transfer. by designing and performing a carefully controlled experiment to answer this question, scientists have settled the debate and found clues to improving the efficiency of many of the technologies that rely on this process.

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