Local ranchers have expanded the grazing area of their cattle. how will this impact the river that runs along their lands?

a. animal wastes will run into the river with every rainfall.

b. this will not impact the river significantly.

c. animal wastes will decompose and add important nutrients to the river.

d. cattle will pollute the river by using it as source of water

The right option is; A. Animal wastes will run into the river with every rainfall.

The expanded grazing area of cattle will negatively influence the river that runs along the land as animal wastes will be transported into the river with every rainfall. The release of animal wastes in the river can affect the water quality of the river because of the pathogens that are present in cattle feaces. Also, it will provide increased potential for toxic algae blooms in the river.

c. earths continental crust is thicker than its lithosphere.

because, the lithosphere is the outermost layer of the earth/ 100 km thick and is defined by its machanical properties.the lithosphere contains oceanic and continental crust that varies in age and thickness across locations and geologic time. the lithosphere is the coolest layer of the earth in terms of temperature. the term lithosphere should not be confused with the use of "geosphere" which is used to indicate all of earth systems, including the atmosphere, hydrosphere   and biosphere. the surface of the earth can be divided into the continental crust and the oceanic crust.   the continental crust is made mostly of granite while the oceanic crust is made of basalt. the average thickness of the continental crust is 25 miles and the average thickness of the oceanic crust is 5 miles.   three types of rock, igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic, make up the surface of the earth. that's why 3 option is preferable.