Ascientist wishes to learn about volcanoes and earthquakes. which of the following spheres should she most directly study?

a. atmosphere

b. biosphere

c. cryosphere

d. geosphere

Option D, Geosphere

Explanation:

Geosphere is the of earth which comprises of various rock forms, geological process , rocky structures and all earthy components and processes that have shaped the present land form of this planet. Hence, earth's geosphere also comprises of both volcanoes and earthquakes. Therefore , the scientist must study the geosphere of earth.

Earth's atmosphere comprises of all gases and air.

Earth's biosphere comprises all living component on this planet

Earth's cyrosphere comprises of  frozen water regions

Thus, option D is correct

b.