1. What are antibiotics?

Antibiotics are chemotherapeutic substances that are capable of killing and inhibiting growth of specific microorganisms, such as infectious bacteria and fungi. ... Antibiotics are derived from microorganisms, such as fungi and bacteria. Therefore, the antimicrobial gastric juice is not considered an antibiotic.

Explanation:

prophase: we can observe the chromosomes to coil up and condense. they become visible. nuclear membrane and envelope disintigrate.s

metaphase: chromosomes align at the center, the metaphase plate. spindle fibers attach to centromeres of the sister chromatids. they meet at kinetochores.

anaphase: sister chromatids are pulled towards each opposing centromere, set on different poles.

telophase: chromosomes are now clustered up only on either sides of the cell. nuclear membranes reform, and a new cell wall forms along the cell plate. this will lead to cytokinesis, the process that divides the cell membrane and forms the cell wall.

the three components of a nucleotide are the nitrogenous base, the phosphate group and the five-carbon sugar.