During an experiment, a scientist observed prokaryotes that lived near volcanic vents deep in the ocean. the scientist most likely observed
a) photoautotrophs
b) chemoautotrophs
c) heterotrophs
d) photoheterotrophs

what might people do to prevent the devolopment of more superbugs?
a) they should use antibotics only when nessary
b) they should devolop stronger antibotics and use them often
c) they should use stronger disinfectants
d) they should not get vaccinated

living on land required that plants
a) evolve photosynthetic pigments
b) conserve water
c) exchange gases
d) have cell walls

unlike lytic viruses, lysogenic viruses do not
a) inject their genetic meterial unto the host cell
b) enter the lytic cycle
c) lyse the host cell right away
d) infect host cells

in which of the following environments are green algae not found?
a) salt water
b) fresh water
c) moist areas on land
d) dry areas on land

what structure forms during angiosperm fertilization but does not form during fertillization amoung other types of plants?
a) a haploid egg
b) a diploid zygote
c) a haploid sperm egg
d) a triploid cell

because bryophytes do not have vascular tissue, they
a) obtain all their water from the surrounding air
b) have true roots, stems, and leafs
c) show alternation of generations
d) grow close to the ground

1. The right answer is b) chemoautotrophs

Chemotropic bacteria are unicellular (essentially prokaryotic) organisms that use the energy of the oxidation of chemical compounds as the initial source of chemical energy. They are distinguished from phototrophic bacteria.

These bacteria use chemical compounds, by oxidation-reduction to develop their own organic constituents. Depending on the nature of the compound used, mineral or organic, there are two main types:

* chemo-lithotrophic bacteria use mineral compounds

* Chemo-organotrophic bacteria use organic compounds. They constitute the vast majority of chemotropic eubacteria.

2. The right answer is a) they should use antibotics only when nessary

Antibiotic resistance is today one of the most serious threats to global health, food security and development. It can affect anyone.

Antibiotic resistance is a natural phenomenon but the misuse of these drugs in humans and animals speeds up the process.

3. The right answer is b) conserve water

The hydric state of the plant, which may be characteristic of the water content or leaf tissue potential, influences a number of physiological processes:

* Cell growth can only be assured if the water potential is greater than a critical water potential

* The mechanisms of opening and closing stomatal are directly related to the water content in the plant, precisely to turgor stomatal cells.

4. The right answer is c) lyse the host cell right away

The lysogenic pathway is intimately conditioned by the integration of the viral genome with that of the host cell. This viral sequence mixed with the host genome is called a provirus (or prophage for bacteria).

Although the integration of the viral genome with that of the host is performed, the host cell does not enter the lytic cycle. She continues to live and multiply, so the provirus is passed on to the next generation during cell divisions. It is lysogeny.

5. The right answer is d) dry areas on land

Depending on the groups and species, the algae are able to colonize almost any environment. They meet almost pure waters with waters overloaded with minerals, thermal waters with glaciers, acidic waters with alkaline waters, as well as in the humid terrestrial environment, but not in dry and arid environments.

6. The right answer is d) a triploid cell

Fertilization in angiosperms is twofold: the male gametes transported by the pollen grain will fuse their nuclei (caryomixis) with those of two different cells. A first caryomixis between male gamete and oosphere will give the embryo, another between the second male gamete and the central nuclei of the ovum will lead to a triploid cell which will form the albumen of the seed.

7. The right answer is d) grow close to the ground

Bryophytes, or mosses, are a branch of the plant kingdom. The plants of this branch are terrestrial plants characterized by the absence of vascular system.

They do not have roots, but structures called rhizoids that only serve to adhere to the substrate. Rhizoids can also absorb water, but the entire bryophyte apparatus is capable of doing so.