// PLEASE ANSWER \\ What is missing in the alpine tundra that is present in the Arctic and Antarctic tundra?

a.) animals

b.) permafrost

c.) trees

d.) cold temperatures

Which of the following must be true for a fossil organism to be useful as an index fossil? a. the fossil organism must be widespread geographically. b. the fossil organism must be abundant. c. the fossil organism must be limited to a short span of geologic time. d. all of the above.