A teacher shows students a string of beads as a model of a chromosomes and genes. What do the beads represent? Explain

If the string of beads refer to a chromosome, then each bead is a gene responsible for one or more traits.

If the string of beads refer to a gene, then each bead refers to the sequence of nitrogenous bases in one strand of the gene.

Explanation:

A chromosome is composed of several genes.

A gene is composed of several nucleotides each containing a nitrogenous base. A gene is primarily made functional by the sequence of nitrogenous bases in its structure. If AGATTCA is a hypothetical sequence of the nitrogenous bases on one strand of a hypothetical gene then TCTAAGT will be the sequence of nitrogenous bases on the complementary strand of that particular gene.

you are certainly talking about this picture:

a: is the label of the white square, it is showing the  replication fork, formed by helicase (d) ==> so it is the site of dna separation and replication 

b: is a new dna brand that is following directly the replication fork, so it is continuous ==> built continuously from 5' to 3

c: dna polymerase cannot replicate dna on its own, it needs the of their proteins, and one of them plays the role of a clamp which fixes  the dna with the dna template and increases  the processivity of the enzyme. ==>   stops polymerase from falling off the  template.

d: is the enzyme responsible for forming the replication fork (helicase) ==> unwinds and separates dna into two strands

e: is the delayed strand, it is built  in the opposite sense of the helicase, so dna will be built in fragments ==> built  fragments from 5' to 3 joins

and finally f: is the enzyme that builds  the new dna strand (dna polymerase) ==>   adds nucleotides to make a new dna helix.

credit: gradman555p98x9p

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