How does gene expression work

What is the significance of the protein-lined pits? a. protein attracts other proteins needed for atp synthesis within the cell. b. protein-lined pits are able to transport one molecule at a time down the concentration gradient within the cell. c. the polarity of proteins allows other polar molecules to attach and be transported in the cell by transport channels. d. receptors within the pits allow ligands to fuse and be transported into the cell by endocytosis.

Which of the following factors would not contribute to allopatric speciation? a) a population becomes geographically isolated from the parent population.b) the separated population is small, and genetic drift occurs.c) the isolated population is exposed to different selection pressures than the ancestral population.d) different mutations begin to distinguish the gene pools of the separated populations.e) gene flow between the two populations is extensive.

Northern switzerland has a fairly cold climate caused by sea winds from the atlantic ocean but souther switzerland tends to be much warmer and sunnier, what could cause this difference?