Dominance occurs when one individual achieves preferential access to resources, including food, cover and mates over other individuals. This may

be achieved through submission or smaller body size.

false.

Dominance occurs when an organism possessed an allele -which is homozygote or heterozygote  dominant for a particular allele ( dominant allele),over any other gene (recessive allele) in the population. such  gene is expressed  from generation to generation irrespective of the recessive allele.

An organism which inherit such gene, therefore will be at advantage in the population will greater access to the natural resources available for survival, while the less dominant one population dwindles and disappear with time. Thus the dominant population will be naturally selected, and evolve with time.

Explanation:

correct answer is option a.

tropopause, stratopause and mesopause have all in common aspect that is point of maximum temperature in its layer of the atmosphere. all layers of atmosphere observe abrupt change in temperature. tropopause is the boundary between troposphere and stratosphere. stratopause is the boundary between stratosphere and mesosphere. mesopause is the boundary between mesosphere and thermosphere. these all boundaries are ranges between altitude of 0 to 80 km.